鉴别毒品原植物技术方法的研究进展

doi:10.19754/j.nyyjs.202408150002

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 近年来，种植和走私毒品原植物的毒品犯罪案件屡禁不止，这其中还涉及许多国内研究鲜有报道的新粉神活性物质(New Psychoactive Substance,NPS)类毒品原植物。鉴别毒品原植物的种类和地理来源对于打击毒品犯罪至关重要，因此这些植物物证一直以来都是法医植物学家的重，点研究对象。鉴别毒品原植物的技术方法大致包括5大类：形态学方法、色谱技术、质谱技术、红外光谱技术以及DNA条形码。本文总结了国内外法庭科学家们鉴别各类毒品原植物的相关报道，对不同方法技术间的优势和劣势进行比较，并讨论了未来毒品原植物的研究重点和方向。希望以此推进毒品原植物鉴别在法庭科学领域的研究和应用。

中图分类号:

. 鉴别毒品原植物技术方法的研究进展[J]. 农业与技术, 2024, 44(15): 7-11.

参考文献

[1]蔡乐斯，覆雨萌，田伟，等。基质辅助激光解吸电离质谱成像在毒品研究中的应用[J]·分析化学，2022,50(07)：973-984. [2]王白石，宋炳轲，高珊，等·基于RAD测序技术开发鸦片器粟地域（品种）特异性SNP位点[J]·中国法医学杂志，2022,37(03):232-237. [3]Lo F A,Di Trana A,La Maida N,et al.Biomedical analysis ofNew Psychoactive Substances (NPS of natural origin [J ]JPharm Biomed Anal,2020,179:112945. [4]邵琴丹·网络时代新精神活性物质(NPS)的管控困境与破除路径研究[J·云南警官学院学报，2023(02)：29-34. [5]陈月猛，刘杉，王斌烨，等。静电场轨道离子阱高分辨液质联用法对毒品原植物的分析[J]·中国药物依赖性杂志，2023，32(04):336-341. [6]湖南省公安厅刑事侦查总队，公安部鉴定中心，广东省公安厅刑事技术中心，等.法庭科学疑似恰特草中卡西酮、去甲伪麻黄碱和去甲麻黄碱检验气相色谱和气相色谱-质谱法[S].中华人民共和国公安部，2023. [7]张燕君，杨路路，黄若琪，等。毒品原植物器粟与其近缘物种的形态学差异解析[J]·刑事技术，2021,46(05)：464-470. [8]刘英姿，王海燕·植物类物证检验方法及在法庭科学中的应用[J]·山东警察学院学报，2022,34(04)：113-119. [9]陈云霞·新型毒品原植物恰特草走私犯罪特点与防控对策研究[J]·森林公安，2019(04)：13-15. [10]Mishraki-Berkowitz T,Kochelski E,Kavanagh P,et al.The Psi-locin (4-hydroxy-N,N-dimethyltryptamine)and Bufotenine (5-hydroxy-N,N-dimethyltryptamine)Case:Ensuring the CorrectIsomer has Been Identified [J].J Forensic Sci,2020,65 (5):1450-1457. [11]Pendl E,Pauritsch U,Kollroser M,et al.Determination of cathi-none and cathine in Khat plant material by LC-MS/MS:Freshvs.dried leaves [J]Forensic Sci Int,2021,319:110658. [12]Tittarelli R,Gismondi A,Di Marco G,et al.Forensic Application of Genetic and Toxicological Analyses for the Identification andCharacterization of the Opium Poppy Papaver somniferum L.[J].Biology Basel),2022,11 (5). [13]Gambaro V,Amoldi S,Colombo M L,et al.Determination of theactive principles of Catha Edulis:quali-quantitative analysis ofcathinone,cathine,and phenylpropanolamine [J].Forensic Scint,2012,217(1-3):87-92. [14]Gotvaldova K,Hajkova K,Borovicka J,et al.Stability of psilo-cybin and its four analogs in the biomass of the psychotropic mush-room Psilocybe cubensis [J]Drug Test Anal,2021,13 (2):439-446. [15]Longo C M,Musah R A.An Efficient Ambient Ionization MassSpectrometric Approach to Detection and Quantification of the Mes-caline Content of Commonly Abused Cacti from the Echinopsis Ge-nus [J]J Forensic Sci,2020,65 (1):61-66. [16]Bolchi C,Pallavicini M,Casagni E,et al.Development and Ear-ly Identification of Cannabis Chemotypes during the Plant Growth:Current Analytical and Chemometric Approaches [J].Anal Sci,2021,37(12):1665-1673. [17]Chambers M I,Giffen-Lemieux J E,Musah R A.Rapid Detec-tion and Quantification of Hallucinogenic Salvinorin A in Commer-cial Salvia divinorum Products by DART-HRMS [J].ACS Ome-ga,2023,8(1):761-770. [18]Dos S N,de Almeida C M,Goncalves FF,et al.Analysis ofErythroxylum coca Leaves by Imaging Mass Spectrometry MALDI-FT-ICR IMS)[J].J Am Soc Mass Spectrom,2021,32(4):946-955. [19]Voelker S E,Kem S E,Falconer T M,et al.Evaluation of fourfield portable devices for the rapid detection of mitragynine in sus-pected kratom products [J].J Pharm Biomed Anal,2021,201:114104. [20]Shen T,Yu H,Wang Y Z.Discrimination of Gentiana and Its Re-lated Species Using IR Spectroscopy Combined with Feature Selec-tion and Stacked Generalization [J].Molecules,2020,25 (6). [21]Kocak A,De Cotiis L M,Hoffman D B.Comparative study ofATR and transflection IR spectroscopic techniques for the analysisof hallucinogenic mushrooms [J].Forensic Sci Int,2010,195(1-3):36-41. [22]Tang Y Q,Li L,Lin T F,et al.Discrimination and Prediction ofLonicerae japonicae Flos and Lonicerae Flos and Their Related Pre-scriptions by Attenuated Total Reflectance Fourier Transform Infra-red Spectroscopy Combined with Multivariate Statistical Analysis[J].Molecules,2022,27(14). [23]Pereira J,Pimentel M F,Amigo J M,et al.Detection and identi-fication of Cannabis sativa L.using near infrared hyperspectral ima-ging and machine learning methods.A feasibility study [J]Spectrochim Acta A Mol Biomol Spectrosc,2020,237:118385. [24]王辉，张志学，任字辰，等·毒品原植物巡查无人机系统设计[J]·沧州师范学院学报，2023,39(01)：28-33. [24]王辉，张志学，任字辰，等。毒品原植物巡查无人机系统设计[J]·沧州师范学院学报，2023,39(01)：28-33. [25]田露，陈学国，张一辰，等。涉毒案件毒品物证快速检验技术研究进展[J]·中国药物滥用防治杂志，2023,29(07)：1125-1129. [26]Ahmed S,Ibrahim M,Nantasenamat C,et al.Pragmatic Appli-cations and Universality of DNA Barcoding for Substantial Organ-isms at Species Level:A Review to Explore a Way Forward [J].Biomed Res Int,2022,2022:1846485. [27]申钰柯，刘陈业，周旦，等.DNA条形码在新型毒品原植物恰特草种属鉴定中的应用研究[J]·森林公安，2017(03)：29-31. [28]Zhang X,Yu H,Yang Q,et al.A Forensic Detection Method forHallucinogenic Mushrooms via High-Resolution Melting HRM)Analysis [J].Genes Basel),2021,12 (2). [29] Matey J M,Zapata F,Menendez -Quintanal L M,etal.Identification of new psychoactive substances and their metabo-lites using non-targeted detection with high-resolution mass spec-trometry through diagnosing fragment ions/neutral loss analysis [J].Talanta,2023,265:124816. [30]Cowan A F,Elkins K M.Detection and Identification of KratomMitragyna speciosa)and Marijuana Cannabis sativa)by a Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction High-Resolution Melt DuplexAssay ()[J Forensic Sci,2020,65 (1)52-60. [31]Ng A E,Sandoval E,Murphy T M.Identification and Individuali-zation of Lophophora using DNA Analysis of the trl/tmF Regionand rbeL Gene [J].J Forensic Sci,2016,61 Suppl 1:S226-S229. [32]Bradshaw A J,Backman T A,Ramirez-Cruz V,et al.DNA Au-thentication and Chemical Analysis of Psilocybe Mushrooms RevealWidespread Misdeterminations in Fungaria and Inconsistencies inMetabolites J].Appl Environ Microbiol,2022,88 (24 )e149822. [33] Kolter A,Gemeinhokzer B.Plant DNA barcoding necessitatesmarker-specific efforts to establish more comprehensive referencedatabases[J].Genome,2021,64(3):265-298. [34]Oliveira M,Azevedo L,Ballard D,et al.Using plants in foren-sics:State-of-the -art and prospects [J].Plant Sci,2023,336:111860. [35]Chen L,Fei S,Olatunji O J.LC/ESI/TOF-MS Characterization,Anxiolytic and Antidepressant-like Effects of Mitragyna speciosaKorth Extract in Diabetic Rats [J].Molecules,2022,27 (7).